Past Issue

Wound infection at operated site called as surgical Site Infections (SSIs), is a nightmare for a surgeon. It results from bacterial contamination during or after a surgical procedure. A descriptive type of cross sectional study was done in Vinayaka Mission medical college to study the factors responsible for SSI. 140 patients belonging to different age groups and both sexes who were admitted for non traumatic abdominal surgery from july 2013 – September 2015, were included in the study. Data collected and analysed . The incidence of Surgical site infections (SSI) was noted to be 17.14%.

Acute postoperative pain is a disagreeable sensation related to tissue harm created during a surgical intervention, and is considered a major source of morbidity in patients already weakened by the underlying disease. For that, postoperative pain should be considered seriously, not exclusively because of how disagreeable it is, but also because, if deficiently managed, there is a possibility for the progression to chronic pain and its incumbent morbidity (Rathmell et al., 2006). Consequently, intentional actions should be taken to prophylactic ally treat the pain.

Ectopic eruption of teeth into a region other than the oral cavity is rare although there have been reports of teeth in the nasal septum, mandibular condyle, coronoid process, palate, chin and maxillary sinus. Occasionally, a tooth may erupt in the maxillary sinus and present with local sinonasal symptoms attributed to chronic sinusitis. We present a case of an ectopic maxillary third molar tooth that caused chronic purulent sinusitis in relation to the right maxillary sinus.

Forensic odontology has been used for identification of victims and suspects in mass disasters, abuse and crimes. In order to make forensic odontology a more accurate, reliable, and reproducible investigatory tool to be presented at the court of law, the limitations though very few, has to be identified. This will be hugely satisfying for those who would like to see the perpetuators of crime be given justice and punished through concrete evidence to seal their fate.

The destruction / break / rupture / discontinuity of body tissue / part of body, is called Vrana.” The healing of wound or an ulcer is the natural mechanism of the body. Naturally wound will heal in one week if no Doshic invasion (infection) takes place. Presence of infection is one of the important factor which impair wound healing. A healthy wound heals with minimum scar as compared to infected wound. Classics of Ayurveda especially Sushruta has elaborately explained details of wound and its management. A clean wound in a normal body heals earlier as compared to contaminated wound.

In osteoarthritis (OA), mechanical stress on articular cartilage stimulates to produce excess amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Studies have provided ample confirmation of the generation of ROS and the depletion of cellular antioxidants in degenerated articular cartilage. 8-Oxoguanine, an oxidized form of guanine, is produced by ROS in DNA. 8-oxoguanine is thought to be a major causative lesion for mutagenesis by ROS, since it can form a stable base pair with adenine as well as with cytosine during DNA replication.

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a most important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide as well as in Pakistan. Recent studies have shown that the combination of obesity, insulin resistance and fluctuation in circulating adipocytokines levels is associated with the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Omentin-1 is recently found adipocytokine that is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue. It has anti- inflammatory properties and is negatively correlated with ischemic heart disease.

Phagocytes produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through NADPH oxidase (NOX), or respiratory burst oxidase, which play an essential role in the progression of inflammatory disorders. NOX is composed of a membrane-associated heterodimer (flavocytochromeb558, consisting of subunits gp91phox/NOX2 and p22phox), and four cytosolic components (p47phox, p67phox, p40phox and Rac1/2).

The given article highlights the alternations on an economic life, likewise on the silkworm sphere after conquering the country by Russian Empire. Moreover, this article describes in what way country handicraftsmen spared local traditions and how they attempted to keep customer’s demand on preparing quality of silk objects and rearing the silk in the silkworm. Problems as silkworm production demonstrations were analyzed by local handicraftsmen and industrial plant In Turkistan exhibitions.

Muslims in India are in the developing stage in socio-economic fields. At the same time they are lagging many fields such as education compared to other religious communities. This paper enhances the various reasons for the educational backwardness of Muslims especially Muslim girls in the country. For this purpose the author conducted a study among the parents and teachers of the dropout girls from Muslim and other disadvantaged groups. The objective of the study was to understand the various factors affecting the discontinuation of girl children’s school education.