Past Issue

Jujube, Ziziphus mauritiana is one of the most ancient fruit crops of Sindh, Pakistan consumed for its nutritional and medicinal purpose. However, the occurrence of foliage insect pests especially jujube beetle (Adoretus pallens Har) is the major threat to reduce the quality and quantity of fruits, ultimately causing tremendous economic loss to the growers. Thus, the main focus of current study was to develop the Integrative Pest Management (IPM) approaches for jujube beetle.

Amrasca biguttula biguttula (Ishida) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is cell sap sucking insect pest of Sunflower Helianthus anus (L.) which affect the yield of crop by allowing leaves yellow, curly, causing sooty moulds and affecting photosynthesis of the crop plant. Therefore, vertical destructive pattern of this species has been reported. The lower leaves had lowest number of nymphs and upper highest. The peak of incidence was noticed in the month of August and it was higher in low rainfall spots (Shirol and Kolhapur) than in higher rainfall spot (Radhanagari).

This study aimed to achieve typology of cattle production system related to social and structural characteristics. It was conducted in the two main breeding regions (central and northern) of Côte d’Ivoire; in 5 five departments of the central region and 7 departments in the northern region. A total of 1,041 farmers were interviewed; 599 farmers in the central region and 442 in the northern region. The results showed that cattle livestock production practices are closely linked to the social, lifestyle and skills of farmers.

Ib is an important river of Jashpur district (C.G.). Two sampling station viz., station 1 Dhondidand and station 2 Dhondibahar, were established for the collection of water samples during July 2012 to Oct 2012. Monitoring of water of river Ib includes physico-chemical parameters and analysis of iron and copper metal. The temperature was 18.20C to 24.60C, pH of river water ranges from 7.12 to 7.85, Turbidity ranging between 11 NTU to 14 NTU, Conductivity ranged from 50 μs/sec to 55 μs/sec, Alkalinity was 7mg/l to 11 mg/l. TDS ranged from 32 mg/l to 44mg/l.

Einstein, in the equations of the General Relativity, departs from three premises: 1/ Equivalence between inertia, gravity and mass. 2/ Distortion of the space for the mass, and equivalence between mass and spatial distortion. 3/ Equivalence between gravity and uniformly accelerated motion. From this viewpoint conceptual and pre-relativist is where I have something to add. I try to postulate the braking effect as equivalent to gravity. Then results it make more understandable the gravity, the inertia, the uniformly accelerated motion and also the mass.

Cardanol an agricultural byproduct of cashew industry with m-cresol in various molar concentrations were condensed with formaldehyde. The resins R1, R2 and R3 thus prepared and characterized. The spectral studies confirm that the ortho substitution is favoured when the concentration of m-cresol is more. Polyurethanes PUR1, PUR2 and PUR3 were prepared using this resins and hexamethylene diisocyanate, an aliphatic diisocyanate. The polyurethanes were characterized by thermal, mechanical and x-ray diffraction studies. The polyurethanes have good thermal stability.

Densities (ρ) and viscosities (η) have been measured at 308.15 K over the entire composition range of binary mixtures of Tetrahydrofuran (THF) with benzene (B), methyl benzene (MB), ethyl benzene (EB), chloro benzene (CB), bromo benzene (BB) and nitro benzene (NB). This measured data have been utilized to calculate excess molar volume (VE), excess viscosity (ηE) and excess gibbs free energy for activation of viscous flow (G*E) and Grunberg-Nissan interaction parameter (d1). The values of these excess functions are fitted to the Redlich Kister equation.

Kaolin and quartz from Pugu and feldspar from Morogoro were used to produce feldspathic dental porcelain bodies. Mineralogical results from XRD revealed the presence of kaolinite, illite, microcline and clinochlore in the kaolin samples; albite, microcline, sanidine in the feldspar samples and only silica in the quartz samples. The chemical results studies by XRF revealed the presence of BaO, SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, Cr2O3, MnO, K2O, CaO, Cl, SO3, MgO, Na2O, and Fe2O3 in varying proportions.

The study area where the wastewater treatment is proposed is Rajouri in Jammu And Kashmir State. The growth of population at a faster rate, lack of education, poverty especially in rural areas has polluted the environment to a great extent. Here the paper gives the details about the population of the area, the drainage details, the water supply details and the ground water quality In this paper it has been tried to explain as how we can treat wastewater in rural areas by proposing a wastewater treatment process.

In normal colleges and office campus different types of water cooler systems are being employed. The problem with these water coolers is that the absolute temperature of water set inside the container is not maintained properly and there is no fault indication system. Though the students pay for all these facilities but they do suffer from not having the guaranteed cold water by the authorities and moreover there is no complaining. The aim of this project is to automatically control the temperature of cold water in cooling system.