Life Sciences

The article provides an exergy analysis of the concentration of solar radiation. For the first time, the flux of solar radiation is characterized by its own temperature (radiation), and its exergy is determined within the framework of the canonical Carnot cycle. Based on a new treatment of the temperature of the radiant heat flux, an analytical expression is obtained for the radiation temperature of the solar radiation flux, both for direct solar radiation and for diffuse radiation. The dependence of the density of direct solar radiation on the "mass of the atmosphere" is found.

The present paper deals with the structure of soil algal community in four farmlands located in Khasi Hills, Meghalaya. The chosen farmlands were corn field (Zea mays L.), rice field (Oryzasativa Linn.), vegetable farm (Solanumtuberosum L., Lactucasativa L. and Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba) and citrus plantation (Citrusreticulata Blanco.). A total of 158 algal taxa have been identified, out of which Chlorophyta+Xanthophyceae members (64 taxa) form the major group, followed by Bacillariophyceae (62 taxa) and Cyanobacteria (32 taxa).

Rural fresh water and sanitation (RFWS) is one of important issues, especially in the context of climate change (CC). This work aims to establish vulnerability indicators to CC of RFWS via exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity indicators.

The aim of the current study is to determine the effect upon experimental meat product samples (flat sausage) prepared with start bacterial cultures, sterilized through irradiation under their biological effectiveness. The experimental types of meat were divided into 3 groups: flat sausage with Megacarn starters, flat sausage with Lactina starters and flat sausage without starters. These groups have been irradiated with 4kGy gamma rays. Biological experiment with white male mice weighted 20 - 30 g, took place.

The energy performance of a building is determined on the basis of the calculated or actual annual energy that is consumed in order to meet the different needs associated with its typical use. it includes the heating energy needs, cooling energy needs , energy needed to avoid overheating to maintain the envisaged temperature conditions of the building and domestic hot water needs.

This project is designed to demonstrate the technology used in metro train movement which are used in most of the developed countries. This train is equipped with a microcontroller that enables the automatic running of the train from one station to another. This proposed system is an autonomous train and it eliminates the need of any driver. Thus, any human error is ruled out. In this project microcontroller from 8051 family has been used as CPU. Whenever the train arrives at the station it stops automatically.

Research aims to assess the vulnerability (V) to saltwater intrusion (SI) in the context of climate change (CC) by index method based on integrated calculating exposure (E), sensitive (S), and adaptive capacity (AC) indices. Accordingly, 40 indicators for assessing V to SI were established by the expert adjustment method, and then applied to a case study in DongNai province (Vietnam). Calculation results for the period of 2014 - 2030 showed the decrease in V over the years mainly due to the increase in AC and the decrease in S.

Dietary influence of Sargassum powder (250mg, 500mg, 750mg and 1000mg) on the growth and reproductive capabilities of Artemia parthenogenetica fed with rice bran has been described in this paper. At the end of 5th week, the survival percentage was increased from 51.6±2.46% to 59.0±1.51%. The maximum life span of Artemia was extended from 90.6±2.09 (control) to 94.3±2.93 days. The length of Artemia increased from 83.2±1.61mm (control) to 85.3±2.41mm. The biomass of Artemia increased from 76.3±1.62 mg (control) to 84.9±1.17mg. The FCR increased from 69.2±1.68% (control) to 71.4±1.74%.

During past few years, continuous detection of khapra beetle was reported in rice consignments shipped from Pakistan to USA and Mexico. It triggered partner countries to enforce export restrictions on Pakistani processed rice causing millions of dollars loss to the country. Finally, it accelerated exporters to streamline this problem and to find the source of interception in rice supply chain of the country.

The microbiological and physico-chemical qualities of five solid waste dumpsites and a control site without dumpsite in Port Harcourt and its environs were determined during wet and dry seasons. The microbiological parameters examined in each sample included, total heterotrophic bacterial count (THB), counts of Salmonella and Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, total and faecal coliform bacteria. Pb, Cu, Mn, NO3-, SO42-, pH and temperature were the physicochemical parameters analyzed. Sieve analysis was carried out to verify the permeability of the soil.