Life Sciences

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the childhood disorders in India that has been the attention of both the medical and educational fields. A child with ADHD faces many challenges in reading. The present study focuses on the sub skills relating to Concepts of Print, components of decoding and reading comprehension. Eighty five children with ADHD in the age group of six to eight years studying in mainstream schools in Tamilnadu, India were the participants of the study.

Farmers’ perception of insect pests and effectiveness of their management tactics are crucial in improving yields of maize. Surveys were conducted in the small scale maize farmers in Highveld and Middleveld regions of Swaziland to gain insights into farmers’ perceptions of maize pests and pest management practices. Interviews administered to 61 small scale farmers revealed households’ age, educational background and years of experience in maize farming affects farmer’s perception and pest management practices.

Fly ash from a thermal power plant is spread and distributed in the surrounding areas by air and may be deposited on the soil of the nearby region. Thus the radioactivity levels of the soil samples may alter and it is quite important to estimate the changes. Can technique using LR-115 type II solid state nuclear track detector has been employed for the measurement of radon activity and radon exhalation rate.  Radon activity varies from 3091.43 Bq m-3 to 4997.14 Bq m-3 with an average value of 3948.19 Bq m-3 .

Grapevine infections are one of the most viral diseases affecting grapevines throughout the world. The impact on vine health, crop yield and quality is difficult to assess due to a high number of variables, but significant economic losses are consistently reported over the lifespan of a vineyard if intervention strategies are not implemented. Georgia is one of the oldest wine producing regions. The main goal of the research was to study the spreading of grapevine viral diseases for further selection of virus-free material in Georgia.

SisymbriumirioLinn (Family: Cruciferae (Seeds) is folklore medicine commonly known as Khakshi , is known to have wide range of Pharmacological activity. The seed is used as expectorant, stimulant, asthma, externally used as stimulating poultice. We reported  previously the protective action of Sisymbriumirioin experimental bronchial asthma. The present study was designed to assess the protective effect of Sisymbrium Irio seeds on in vitro mast cell stabilization and active anaphylaxis model in experimental animals.

In the wake of widespread fluoride occurrence in groundwater, the incidence of endemic fluorosis across the country is alarming. In the year 2009, the Central Ground Water Board and Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission reported 218 and 229 districts to be affected with high fluoride content in groundwater, particularly in the states of Assam, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan with over 50% districts affected.

Bullying is a problem that affects all children- those who bully, those who are victimized, and those who are witnesses to interpersonal violence. It is the use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate or aggressively to impose domination over others and most common among children in middle childhood which need to be controlled. The aim of the study is to understand the different aspects of aggressive and bullying behavior in young children, in both genders. It may be defined as the activity of repeated, aggressive behavior intended to hurt another person, physically or mentally.

In the present study 38 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from subclinical mastitis cases in Holstein-Friesian (H-F) crossbred and Rathi (a native breed) cattle were characterized on the basis of their cultural, biochemical and haemolytic properties after confirmation by 23S r RNA based genotyping. The overall incidence of subclinical mastitis was 44.70 % with higher incidence (51.61 %) in H-F crossbred cattle than in Rathi cattle (40.74 %). Among the cultural and biochemical properties, 35 out of 38 isolates produced golden yellow colonies and three isolates produced white colonies.

Cnidoscolus aconitifolius is a potential folklore medicinal plant used for the treatment of many diseases and infections. The leaves were extracted using non-polar solvents (diethyl ether and ethanol). These were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening using standard procedures.

Bacterial blight and blast are two major destructive diseases in rice, particularly in basmati growing areas. For sustainable basmati rice production, there is a need to identify new resistant sources and improve the elite Basmati varieties against the two diseases. Vallabh Basmati is an elite variety, long slender grain, medium duration and possessing excellent aroma and with consumer preferable cocking and eating qualities.  However, the variety is highly susceptible to BB and blast diseases, which limit its production to a significant extent.