Achados patológicos da artéria aorta: aneurisma da aorta porção abdominal

This study is a field-based, exploratory, and descriptive research that describes the anatomical alterations found in the aortic artery of dissected cadaveric specimens. It was conducted at the Anatomy Laboratory of the Nova Esperança School of Medicine (FAMENE), in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The institution was chosen for being a field of academic learning in the undergraduate programs of Medicine and Nursing. The study aimed to analyze the pathological findings of the aortic artery in cadavers, assess the clinical importance of anatomical knowledge, discuss anatomoclinical correlations of the pathological findings, and present a topographic analysis of the region. The sample consisted of three cadavers. The analysis was performed through direct observation and comparison with theoretical references, recording the alterations using a photographic camera. Data collection took place in March 2024, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of FACENE/FAMENE, in compliance with Resolutions CNS 466/2012, CFM 1931/2009, and COFEN 0564/2017. RESULTS: 33.33% of the sample presented anatomopathological alterations in the abdominal portion of the aortic artery, characterizing an abdominal aortic aneurysm (A.A.A.), while 66.66% showed normal anatomical patterns. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The aortic aneurysm is a serious and potentially fatal medical condition, noted for its complexity and significant impact on health, which may lead to rupture, dissection, or obstruction of blood flow.