Horizontal reactor for bio-char production

A reactor horizontally oriented was developed for bio-char for preparation from agricultural crop residues. The study was conducted at three levels of predefined temperature of 450, 500 and 550°C and residual time duration of 60, 120 and 180 min for optimization of temperature for obtaining the better quality of bio-char. The average recovery of bio-char prepared from pigeon-pea stalk was found to be 40.30%. Total carbon (TC), total organic carbon (TOC), and total inorganic carbon (TIC) of pigeon-pea stalks of sized Ø ≤ 5 mm (D1), Ø = 5 to 7 mm (D2) and Ø ≥ 7 mm (D3) was found in the range of 45.1 to 45.8, 41.6 to 42.3 and 2.6 to 4.1%, respectively. Similarly, these value were determined at three temperature levels of 450, 500 and 550°C and found to be 68, 67.03 and 3.5%; 81.51, 69.11 and 6.5%; 68.4, 65.18% and 6.7%, respectively. The pH value of bio-char prepared at 450, 500 and 550°C was found in the range of 6.1 to 6.8, 7.7- to 8.5 and 7.7 to 9.5, respectively.