Dependency status and demographic dividend in India and China

China and India are the most dynamic economies as well as two demographic enormous countries in the world. While we study the dependency ratios since the year of commencing economic reforms of 1990s,it has been noticed that decline in total dependency ratio in India is faster than China (i. e., 4 percent), increase in child dependency ratio is meagre higher (i.e. less than 1 percent) , and rise in old-age dependency ratio in China is around 1.5 times greater than India in the year 2015 relation to 1990.To the point of view of demographic dividend, youth population (age of 15-24 years) in India is 5.64 crore higher than China in the year 2015, challenge to divert them in to productive labour force through developing medium and higher quality- based skills as well as UNCTAD projected female labour force ( age 15 and older) greater in china contrast to India in 2017.It is projected 13.6 crore in agriculture and 22.83 crore in all sectors of economy. There is impressive need to inclusion productive female work force in Indian economy challenge to divert them in to productive labour force through developing medium and higher quality- based skills and also transforming them from agriculture to other sectors especially, service sector of economy, consequences will support to fuel the economy of India. . The paper is organised as follows. Firstly, brief review’s recent trends in population of India, China and World also analyze the recent trends in female labour force in India and China. Secondly, analyze and evaluate dependency in India and China as well as young population therein, and finally, conclusion of the study.