A Comprehensive Review of Asthma Prevention and Treatment Medications: Efficacy and Safety

This comprehensive review explores the efficacy and safety of medications used in the prevention and treatment of asthma. The article examines various drug classes, including inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs), mast cell stabilizers, short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs), oral corticosteroids, anticholinergics, and biologics. It provides a critical analysis of their mechanisms of action, clinical effectiveness, and potential side effects. The review highlights the importance of individualized treatment strategies to achieve optimal asthma control, reduce exacerbations, and improve patient quality of life. It also discusses emerging therapies and the challenges in addressing disparities in asthma care. The findings underscore the need for ongoing research into asthma phenotypes and the development of new, targeted treatments. Healthcare professionals are encouraged to integrate the latest evidence into clinical practice, emphasizing patient education, adherence, and regular monitoring to enhance asthma management outcomes.