Avaliação do risco de fauna em aeroportos do Brasil

Collisions involving aircraft and wildlife lead to huge economic losses every year. In addition, they can cause the death of people in the most serious events. Considering the relevance of the consequences caused by such a problem, the present study aimed to verify the existence of a trend of collisions involving aircraft and wildlife over time. For this, data available in the CENIPA Fauna Risk Yearbook and in the Bird strike Management System were used, and statistical analyzes were used correlating the events with different variables. The analyzes employed showed a monotonic trend of growth in the number of collisions and aircraft over time. Most of the total reported crashes occurred in the landing, take-off and runway review phases. A greater number of cases was also noticed during autumn, followed by summer, spring, and winter. The parts of the aircraft most affected were the fuselage, the engine, the radome and the windshield. The most harmful animals to aviation in the reports were the Quero-quero / Tetéu, the Caracará / Carancho and the black-headed vulture / Corvo / Apitã. The results indicate that the significant increase in cases of collisions with fauna in the country will continue progressively. To change this scenario, changes are needed that cover the social, environmental and economic spheres. Such measures must be responsible for allowing the reduction of social inequalities, facilitating access to housing and basic services and reducing deforestation, in order to contribute to a sustainable development.