Antiulcer activity of seed extracts of Gynocardia odorata roxb. on pylorus ligation and indomethacin induced gastric lesions in albino rats

Objective: The study was designed to evaluate anti-ulcer activity of ethanolic and aqueous seed extracts of Gynocardia odorata roxb. by using pylorus ligation and indomethacin induced ulcer models inrats.
Material and method: The authenticated Gynocardia odorata roxb. seeds were powdered coarsely and ethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared for it. The phytochemical screening was performed to find out the active composition of the extracts. Antiulcer activity was evaluated by pylorus ligation and indomethacin induced ulcer models at two different dose levels (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. orally) using parameters like gastric content, total acidity, ulcer index, and pH of gastric juice. Ranitidine at a dose of 20 mg/Kg body weight orally was used as standard control in both the models.
Result: The preliminary phytochemical screening of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the plant Gynocardia odorata showed the presence of phytoconstituents such as Flavonoids, Proteins, Fixed oils, Tannins, Proteins, Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Saponin’s and Triterpenoids. In both the ulcer models the aqueous extract exhibited more significant activity than the ethanolic extracts. The observed pharmacological activity reveals that the aqueous extract significantly raised the pH of gastric contents; lowered the free and total acidity and ulcer index as compared to standard drug Ranitidine significantly.
Conclusion: Both extracts of Gynocardia odorata roxb. reduced ulcer incidence, when compared to the control as evident by the decrease in ulcer scores, gastric content, total acidity, ulcer index, and pH of gastric juice in both the two models. Although this study establishes the traditional role of Gynocardia odorata roxb. in the gastric ulcers but still further exhaustive studies are required to find out and establish the main compound responsible for this activity as drug.