In vitro anti-cervical cancer effect of proteoglycans isolated from deep sea shark cartilage by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest
International Journal of Development Research
In vitro anti-cervical cancer effect of proteoglycans isolated from deep sea shark cartilage by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest
Received 15th September, 2017; Received in revised form 09th October, 2017; Accepted 20th November, 2017; Published online 29th December, 2017
Copyright ©2017, Ajeeshkumar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The present study was aimed at studying in vitro anti-cervical cancer effect of proteoglycans (PGs) isolated from deep sea shark. Anti-proliferative activity and apoptotic involvement were confirmed by following assays viz, the cell viability assay by MTT assay, morphological analysis and colony formation assay. The sample showed a significant cytotoxic activity for HeLa cells and results showed that the PGs at a concentration of 250µg/mL inhibit the colony formation capacity. Apoptosis induction was confirmed by the chromatin condensation assay by Hoechst 33342 nuclear staining. A number of apoptotic HeLa cells displayed a round and shrunken cell body and chromatin condensation inside the nucleus suggesting that PGs-induced apoptosis caused cell death. Apoptosis of HeLa cells was further verified by annexin V-FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) and PI (propidium iodide) staining by flow cytometry. PGs (250 µg/ml) were found to induce apoptosis and the ratio of apoptotic cells were 30.5%. Cell cycle arrest at G1/M and G2/M phase confirmed the cell death due to cell cycle arrest. Our study determined that proteoglycans effectively induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrestestablishing their anti-proliferative effect against cervical cancer.
