A review on effects of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystem

Eutrophication is the process of addition of nutrients to water bodies, including lakes, rivers, estuaries and oceans resulting in changes to the primary production and species composition of the community. The long-time spans involved in this natural eutrophication process are typically geological time scales. Geological time scales are often used to describe the lengthy periods involved in this natural eutrophication process. However, since the industrial revolution, eutrophication of many aquatic bodies has risen as a result of anthropogenic fertiliser consumption. Cultural eutrophication is a process that has a lot of negative effects on ecosystems around the world. Cultural eutrophication has also had detrimental effects on human society, such as decreased seafood productivity, problems with drinking water, and the presence of phytoplankton poisons in both seafood and drinking water. Many of the problems related to eutrophication are primarily caused by the development of algal blooms, which have the potential to be harmful or lead to severe changes in the ecology of water bodies. This essay addresses the biological effects of eutrophication, its physical and chemical causes, and its effects on human society. Water bodies are typically categorised differently depending on their trophic status. Algal blooms, for instance, have been proven to develop with varying nitrogen levels depending on location.