Phytochemical, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of seed extracts of Tiliacora acuminata (LAN.) Hook F and Thomas (Menispermaceae)

The present study was carried out to investigate the phytochemical, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of seed of Tiliacora acuminata (Lan) Hook.F&Thomas an important medicinal plant. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the methanol and ethanol extracts prepared from Tiliacora acuminata seed revealed the presence of alkaloid, catechin, coumarin, flavonoid, phenol, quinone, saponin, steroid, tannin, terpenoid, sugar, glycoside, xanthoprotein and fixed oil. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed the presence of hydroxyl group, alkyl group, alcohols, ethers, esters, carboxylic acid and anhydrides. Antioxidant activity of petroleum ether, benzene, ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol extracts of the seed of Tiliacora acuminata have been tested using various antioxidant model systems viz, DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide, ABTS and reducing power. Methanol extracts of Tiliacora acuminata is found to possess higher DPPH, superoxide and ABTS radical cation scavenging activity. Ethanol extract of Tiliacora acuminata is found to possess higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Methanol extract of seed of Tiliacora acuminata showed the highest reducing ability. This study indicates significant free radical scavenging potential of Tiliacora acuminata seed which can be exploited for the treatment of various free radical mediated ailments. The petroleum ether, benzene, ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol extracts of seed of Tiliacora acuminata were tested against Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin sensitive), Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella paratyphi A and B, Salmonella paratyphi, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli (ESBL), Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ESBL) and Mycobacterium smegmatis by the agar disc diffusion method.