Metabolic evaluation of the effects of a hyperlipid diet for obesity induction and standard normolipid diet (ain 93) consumption in wistar rats

Obesity is considered a multifactorial pathology that causes several metabolic changes. The objective is to evaluate the effects of the consumption of AIN-93 and high-fat (HF) diets on Wistar rats. We performed clinical, biochemical, histopathological, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) -based metabolomic analyses. Among the diets studied, the visceral fat and adiposity index of animals fed with the HF diet were higher than those of animals fed with the AIN diet, but there were no differences in body weight between groups. By the glucose tolerance test, there were no differences between groups. However, the HF group had a lower decay rate of the glucose and was more intolerant to insulin. Severe steatosis was found in the HF group, and mild steatosis in the AIN group. The animals fed with AIN and HF diets showed significant metabolic changes, such as the increment of glucose, succinate, and lactate for HF group, and lipid derivatives for AIN ones. Thus, the comparative study of HF and AIN diets performed in this paper indicate the need to review the composition of healthy standard diets for obesity studies.