The evaluation of cancer incidence susceptibility in the liver of type 1 and 2 diabetic rats

The relationship between diabetes and cancer development is not clear. But the risk to develop cancer is increased if the person is diabetic. In the present study we induced type 1 and type 2 diabetes in rats by streptozotocin and high fat diet, respectively. Many cell growth and apoptosis related antigens were studied including tumour suppressor antigen; P53, anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2, pro-apoptotic protein bax, cyp1a2 and cyp2e1 and caspase 3. In type 1 and type 2 diabetes cyp2e1, bax, p53 and active caspase 3 were upregulated but active caspase 3 was prominent active in type 1 compared to type 2 diabetes. Both cyp1a2 and bcl-2 were down regulated in both types of diabetes. Bcl-2 was dramatically decreased in type 1 than type 2 diabetes. Normal or high insulin dose treatment could restore the basal line of most parameters but partially restored the level of cyp1a2 and could not restore the level of p53 in type 1 diabetes. High P53 level in both types of diabetes indicates cellular stress and damage. The high level of P53 was accompanied with active caspas3 and reduced bcl-2 in type 1 but not type 2 diabetes.