Clitics of manggarai language: the case of central manggarai dialect in west flores indonesia

To obtain data this study involved informants as a data source from whom recording speech was done and to whom relevant  Indonesian sentences were given to be translated into Central Manggarai Dialect (CMD). Text document by Verheijen (1977) was also used to triangulate. For the purpose of validity and reliability, the data were discussed also with the researcher’s colleagues particularly those of native speakers of CMD. Then the concept of Zwicky in Spencer (1991) about simple clitics special clitics and the base (bound base or root bound) were used as theoretical guide and base. From the data it can be concluded that CMD applies three kinds of clitics, namely personal pronoun clitics (-k, -h, -i,-km, -t, -m, -s) for subject referencing, possessive clitics (-k, -m, -n, -km, -t, -s, -d) to indicate possession, and bound word clitics. The bound word clitics are ngger- and ki-. The ngger- clitic initializes the prepositions of place to form prepositions of directions. Meanwhile, the ki- clitic are attached by possessive clitics to denote in process activities. In addition, except the possessive clitics, the personal pronoun clitics tend to attach to the last word of any class of words in sentence.