Bone regeneration and maxillary sinus augmentation: major approaches

Introduction: The lack of bone in the alveolar edges has been a major problem in the functional aesthetic recovery in patients who have suffered dentoalveolar trauma, traumatic tooth extractions, congenital tooth absence, pathologies involving the mandible and mandible, in addition to infections. The filling materials can be hydroxyapatite, lyophilized, and ground demineralized bone marrow, autogenous bone, which is considered the gold standard, among others. The lifting of the maxillary sinus, using bone grafts, has become one of the most frequent procedures in implantologyand also the most investigated by the use of platelet concentrates with or without biomaterials. Objective: Carry out a comprehensive review of the literature on the main processes and biomaterials related to sinus lifting and bone regeneration. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model. After literary search criteria using the MeSH Terms that were cited in the item below on “Search strategies”, a total of 58 clinical studies were compared and submitted to the eligibility analysis, and, after that, 36 studies were selected, following the systematic review rules - PRISM. The search strategy was carried out in the databases Medline, Embase, Pubmed, Ovid, and Cochrane. Major findings and conclusion: Due to bone regeneration and biological barriers in graft surgeries, there has been a technological growth in these materials as they point out as potential tools for treating bone losses. The lifting of the maxillary sinus, using bone grafts, has become one of the most frequent procedures in implantology and also the most investigated by the use of platelet concentrates together with autogenous or allogeneic bone, as well as with the use of polymeric biomaterials.