Bioactivity evaluation of eugenia pyriformis, plinia cauliflora, and heliconia rostrata against oxacillin resistant staphylococcus aureus genotypes

In this study, the anti-Oxacillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) activity of extracts from Eugenia pyriformis (leaf and stem), Plinia cauliflora (rind fruit, leaf, and stem), and Heliconia rostrata (flower, rhizome, leaf, and stem) was evaluated. In vitro screening of antibacterial activity of the extracts (extraction with ethanol:water [7:3, v/v]) was performed using both agar diffusion and broth microdilution assays against sixty isolates of ORSA from dental clinic (genotyped by using Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis method) and against S. aureus reference strain (ATCC 6538). To evaluate the toxicity of the extracts, the MTT reduction assay was performed. The growth of ORSA genotypes and S. aureus reference strain were inhibited by extracts from E. pyriformis and P. cauliflora. Moreover, the rind fruit from P. cauliflora showed the lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration value (6.25 mg/ml) against ORSA. The extracts were most active against S. aureus reference strain than on ORSA (p<0.05). All extracts from H. rostrata were inactive. P. cauliflora (rind fruit), E. pyriformis (leaf), and H. rostrata (leaf and rhizome) showed toxicity on cells from Aedes albopictus, wherein cytotoxic concentration values ranged from 1.3 to 19.0 mg/ml, whereas all other extracts showed no cytotoxicity at used concentrations. Thus, a potential anti-ORSA was demonstrated for the rind fruit from P. cauliflora.